使用 Docker 在 GCP Compute Engine VM 上运行持久化的 OpenClaw Gateway 网关，具有持久状态、内置二进制文件和安全的重启行为。<\/p>\n
如果你想要”OpenClaw 24\/7 大约 $5-12\/月”，这是在 Google Cloud 上的可靠设置。
\n价格因机器类型和区域而异；选择适合你工作负载的最小 VM，如果遇到 OOM 则扩容。<\/p>\n
~\/.openclaw<\/code> + ~\/.openclaw\/workspace<\/code>（重启\/重建后仍保留）<\/li>\n- 通过 SSH 隧道从你的笔记本电脑访问控制 UI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Gateway 网关可以通过以下方式访问：<\/p>\n
\n- 从你的笔记本电脑进行 SSH 端口转发<\/li>\n
- 如果你自己管理防火墙和令牌，可以直接暴露端口<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
本指南使用 GCP Compute Engine 上的 Debian。
\nUbuntu 也可以；请相应地映射软件包。
\n有关通用 Docker 流程，请参阅 Docker<\/a>。<\/p>\n
\n快速路径（有经验的运维人员）<\/h2>\n\n- 创建 GCP 项目 + 启用 Compute Engine API<\/li>\n
- 创建 Compute Engine VM（e2-small，Debian 12，20GB）<\/li>\n
- SSH 进入 VM<\/li>\n
- 安装 Docker<\/li>\n
- 克隆 OpenClaw 仓库<\/li>\n
- 创建持久化主机目录<\/li>\n
- 配置
.env<\/code> 和 docker-compose.yml<\/code><\/li>\n- 内置所需二进制文件、构建并启动<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n你需要什么<\/h2>\n\n- GCP 账户（e2-micro 符合免费层条件）<\/li>\n
- 已安装 gcloud CLI（或使用 Cloud Console）<\/li>\n
- 从你的笔记本电脑 SSH 访问<\/li>\n
- 对 SSH + 复制\/粘贴有基本了解<\/li>\n
- 约 20-30 分钟<\/li>\n
- Docker 和 Docker Compose<\/li>\n
- 模型认证凭证<\/li>\n
- 可选的提供商凭证<\/li>\n
- WhatsApp QR<\/li>\n
- Telegram bot token<\/li>\n
- Gmail OAuth<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n1) 安装 gcloud CLI（或使用 Console）<\/h2>\n
选项 A：gcloud CLI<\/strong>（推荐用于自动化）<\/p>\n从 https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/sdk\/docs\/install<\/a> 安装<\/p>\n初始化并认证：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\ngcloud init
\ngcloud auth login<\/p>\n
\n**选项 B：Cloud Console**\n\n所有步骤都可以通过 [https:\/\/console.cloud.google.com](https:\/\/console.cloud.google.com) 的 Web UI 完成\n\n***\n\n## 2) 创建 GCP 项目\n\n**CLI：**\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\ngcloud projects create my-openclaw-project --name=\"OpenClaw Gateway\"\ngcloud config set project my-openclaw-project\n<\/code><\/pre>\n在 https:\/\/console.cloud.google.com\/billing<\/a> 启用计费（Compute Engine 必需）。<\/p>\n启用 Compute Engine API：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\ngcloud services enable compute.googleapis.com<\/p>\n
\n**Console：**\n\n1. 转到 IAM & Admin > Create Project\n2. 命名并创建\n3. 为项目启用计费\n4. 导航到 APIs & Services > Enable APIs > 搜索 \"Compute Engine API\" > Enable\n\n***\n\n## 3) 创建 VM\n\n**机器类型：**\n\n| 类型 | 配置 | 成本 | 说明 |\n| -------- | ------------------ | -------- | --------- |\n| e2-small | 2 vCPU，2GB RAM | ~$12\/月 | 推荐 |\n| e2-micro | 2 vCPU（共享），1GB RAM | 符合免费层 | 负载下可能 OOM |\n\n**CLI：**\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\ngcloud compute instances create openclaw-gateway \n --zone=us-central1-a \n --machine-type=e2-small \n --boot-disk-size=20GB \n --image-family=debian-12 \n --image-project=debian-cloud\n<\/code><\/pre>\nConsole：<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- 转到 Compute Engine > VM instances > Create instance<\/li>\n
- Name：
openclaw-gateway<\/code><\/li>\n- Region：
us-central1<\/code>，Zone：us-central1-a<\/code><\/li>\n- Machine type：
e2-small<\/code><\/li>\n- Boot disk：Debian 12，20GB<\/li>\n
- Create<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n4) SSH 进入 VM<\/h2>\n
CLI：<\/strong><\/p>\n“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\ngcloud compute ssh openclaw-gateway –zone=us-central1-a<\/p>\n
\n**Console：**\n\n在 Compute Engine 仪表板中点击 VM 旁边的\"SSH\"按钮。\n\n注意：VM 创建后 SSH 密钥传播可能需要 1-2 分钟。如果连接被拒绝，请等待并重试。\n\n***\n\n## 5) 安装 Docker（在 VM 上）\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\nsudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install -y git curl ca-certificates\ncurl -fsSL https:\/\/get.docker.com | sudo sh\nsudo usermod -aG docker $USER\n<\/code><\/pre>\n注销并重新登录以使组更改生效：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\nexit<\/p>\n
\n然后重新 SSH 登录：\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\ngcloud compute ssh openclaw-gateway --zone=us-central1-a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n验证：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\ndocker –version
\ndocker compose version<\/p>\n
\n***\n\n## 6) 克隆 OpenClaw 仓库\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\ngit clone https:\/\/github.com\/openclaw\/openclaw.git\ncd openclaw\n<\/code><\/pre>\n本指南假设你将构建自定义镜像以保证二进制文件持久化。<\/p>\n
\n7) 创建持久化主机目录<\/h2>\n
Docker 容器是临时的。
\n所有长期状态必须存在于主机上。<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\nmkdir -p ~\/.openclaw
\nmkdir -p ~\/.openclaw\/workspace<\/p>\n
\n***\n\n## 8) 配置环境变量\n\n在仓库根目录创建 `.env`。\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\nOPENCLAW_IMAGE=openclaw:latest\nOPENCLAW_GATEWAY_TOKEN=change-me-now\nOPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND=lan\nOPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT=18789\n\nOPENCLAW_CONFIG_DIR=\/home\/$USER\/.openclaw\nOPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR=\/home\/$USER\/.openclaw\/workspace\n\nGOG_KEYRING_PASSWORD=change-me-now\nXDG_CONFIG_HOME=\/home\/node\/.openclaw\n<\/code><\/pre>\n生成强密钥：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\nopenssl rand -hex 32<\/p>\n
\n**不要提交此文件。**\n\n***\n\n## 9) Docker Compose 配置\n\n创建或更新 `docker-compose.yml`。\n\n```yaml theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\nservices:\n openclaw-gateway:\n image: ${OPENCLAW_IMAGE}\n build: .\n restart: unless-stopped\n env_file:\n - .env\n environment:\n - HOME=\/home\/node\n - NODE_ENV=production\n - TERM=xterm-256color\n - OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND=${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND}\n - OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT=${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}\n - OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_TOKEN=${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_TOKEN}\n - GOG_KEYRING_PASSWORD=${GOG_KEYRING_PASSWORD}\n - XDG_CONFIG_HOME=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}\n - PATH=\/home\/linuxbrew\/.linuxbrew\/bin:\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin\n volumes:\n - ${OPENCLAW_CONFIG_DIR}:\/home\/node\/.openclaw\n - ${OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR}:\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/workspace\n ports:\n # 推荐：在 VM 上保持 Gateway 网关仅绑定 loopback；通过 SSH 隧道访问。\n # 要公开暴露，移除 `127.0.0.1:` 前缀并相应配置防火墙。\n - \"127.0.0.1:${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}:18789\"\n\n # 可选：仅当你针对此 VM 运行 iOS\/Android 节点并需要 Canvas 主机时。\n # 如果你公开暴露此端口，请阅读 \/gateway\/security 并相应配置防火墙。\n # - \"18793:18793\"\n command:\n [\n \"node\",\n \"dist\/index.js\",\n \"gateway\",\n \"--bind\",\n \"${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND}\",\n \"--port\",\n \"${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}\",\n ]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n10) 将所需二进制文件内置到镜像中（关键）<\/h2>\n
在运行中的容器内安装二进制文件是一个陷阱。
\n任何在运行时安装的内容在重启后都会丢失。<\/p>\n
所有 Skills 所需的外部二进制文件必须在镜像构建时安装。<\/p>\n
以下示例仅显示三个常见的二进制文件：<\/p>\n
\ngog<\/code> 用于 Gmail 访问<\/li>\ngoplaces<\/code> 用于 Google Places<\/li>\nwacli<\/code> 用于 WhatsApp<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n这些是示例，不是完整列表。
\n你可以使用相同的模式安装任意数量的二进制文件。<\/p>\n
如果你以后添加依赖额外二进制文件的新 Skills，你必须：<\/p>\n
\n- 更新 Dockerfile<\/li>\n
- 重建镜像<\/li>\n
- 重启容器<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
示例 Dockerfile<\/strong><\/p>\n“`dockerfile theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\nFROM node:22-bookworm<\/p>\n
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y socat && rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/*<\/p>\n
示例二进制文件 1：Gmail CLI<\/h1>\n
RUN curl -L https:\/\/github.com\/steipete\/gog\/releases\/latest\/download\/gog_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz
\n | tar -xz -C \/usr\/local\/bin && chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/gog<\/p>\n
示例二进制文件 2：Google Places CLI<\/h1>\n
RUN curl -L https:\/\/github.com\/steipete\/goplaces\/releases\/latest\/download\/goplaces_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz
\n | tar -xz -C \/usr\/local\/bin && chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/goplaces<\/p>\n
示例二进制文件 3：WhatsApp CLI<\/h1>\n
RUN curl -L https:\/\/github.com\/steipete\/wacli\/releases\/latest\/download\/wacli_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz
\n | tar -xz -C \/usr\/local\/bin && chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/wacli<\/p>\n
使用相同的模式在下面添加更多二进制文件<\/h1>\n
WORKDIR \/app
\nCOPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml pnpm-workspace.yaml .npmrc .\/
\nCOPY ui\/package.json .\/ui\/package.json
\nCOPY scripts .\/scripts<\/p>\n
RUN corepack enable
\nRUN pnpm install –frozen-lockfile<\/p>\n
COPY . .
\nRUN pnpm build
\nRUN pnpm ui:install
\nRUN pnpm ui:build<\/p>\n
ENV NODE_ENV=production<\/p>\n
CMD [“node”,”dist\/index.js”]<\/p>\n
\n***\n\n## 11) 构建并启动\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\ndocker compose build\ndocker compose up -d openclaw-gateway\n<\/code><\/pre>\n验证二进制文件：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\ndocker compose exec openclaw-gateway which gog
\ndocker compose exec openclaw-gateway which goplaces
\ndocker compose exec openclaw-gateway which wacli<\/p>\n
\n预期输出：\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\/usr\/local\/bin\/gog
\n\/usr\/local\/bin\/goplaces
\n\/usr\/local\/bin\/wacli<\/p>\n
\n***\n\n## 12) 验证 Gateway 网关\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\ndocker compose logs -f openclaw-gateway\n<\/code><\/pre>\n成功：<\/p>\n
[gateway] listening on ws:\/\/0.0.0.0:18789\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n13) 从你的笔记本电脑访问<\/h2>\n
创建 SSH 隧道以转发 Gateway 网关端口：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\ngcloud compute ssh openclaw-gateway –zone=us-central1-a — -L 18789:127.0.0.1:18789<\/p>\n
\n在浏览器中打开：\n\n`http:\/\/127.0.0.1:18789\/`\n\n粘贴你的 Gateway 网关令牌。\n\n***\n\n## 什么持久化在哪里（真实来源）\n\nOpenClaw 在 Docker 中运行，但 Docker 不是真实来源。\n所有长期状态必须在重启、重建和重启后仍然存在。\n\n| 组件 | 位置 | 持久化机制 | 说明 |\n| ------------ | --------------------------------- | --------- | ------------------------- |\n| Gateway 网关配置 | `\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/` | 主机卷挂载 | 包括 `openclaw.json`、令牌 |\n| 模型认证配置文件 | `\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/` | 主机卷挂载 | OAuth 令牌、API 密钥 |\n| Skill 配置 | `\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/skills\/` | 主机卷挂载 | Skill 级别状态 |\n| 智能体工作区 | `\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/workspace\/` | 主机卷挂载 | 代码和智能体产物 |\n| WhatsApp 会话 | `\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/` | 主机卷挂载 | 保留 QR 登录 |\n| Gmail 密钥环 | `\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/` | 主机卷 + 密码 | 需要 `GOG_KEYRING_PASSWORD` |\n| 外部二进制文件 | `\/usr\/local\/bin\/` | Docker 镜像 | 必须在构建时内置 |\n| Node 运行时 | 容器文件系统 | Docker 镜像 | 每次镜像构建时重建 |\n| OS 包 | 容器文件系统 | Docker 镜像 | 不要在运行时安装 |\n| Docker 容器 | 临时 | 可重启 | 可以安全销毁 |\n\n***\n\n## 更新\n\n在 VM 上更新 OpenClaw：\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\ncd ~\/openclaw\ngit pull\ndocker compose build\ndocker compose up -d\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n故障排除<\/h2>\n
SSH 连接被拒绝<\/strong><\/p>\nVM 创建后 SSH 密钥传播可能需要 1-2 分钟。等待并重试。<\/p>\n
OS Login 问题<\/strong><\/p>\n检查你的 OS Login 配置文件：<\/p>\n
“`bash theme={“theme”:{“light”:”min-light”,”dark”:”min-dark”}}
\ngcloud compute os-login describe-profile<\/p>\n
\n确保你的账户具有所需的 IAM 权限（Compute OS Login 或 Compute OS Admin Login）。\n\n**内存不足（OOM）**\n\n如果使用 e2-micro 并遇到 OOM，升级到 e2-small 或 e2-medium：\n\n```bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}\n# 首先停止 VM\ngcloud compute instances stop openclaw-gateway --zone=us-central1-a\n\n# 更改机器类型\ngcloud compute instances set-machine-type openclaw-gateway \n --zone=us-central1-a \n --machine-type=e2-small\n\n# 启动 VM\ngcloud compute instances start openclaw-gateway --zone=us-central1-a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n服务账户（安全最佳实践）<\/h2>\n
对于个人使用，你的默认用户账户就可以。<\/p>\n
对于自动化或 CI\/CD 管道，创建具有最小权限的专用服务账户：<\/p>\n
\n- 创建服务账户：<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}
\n gcloud iam service-accounts create openclaw-deploy
\n --display-name=\"OpenClaw Deployment\"<\/code><\/p>\n\n- 授予 Compute Instance Admin 角色（或更窄的自定义角色）：
\n bash theme={\"theme\":{\"light\":\"min-light\",\"dark\":\"min-dark\"}}
\n gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding my-openclaw-project
\n --member=\"serviceAccount:openclaw-deploy@my-openclaw-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com\"
\n --role=\"roles\/compute.instanceAdmin.v1\"<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n避免为自动化使用 Owner 角色。使用最小权限原则。<\/p>\n
参阅 https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/iam\/docs\/understanding-roles<\/a> 了解 IAM 角色详情。<\/p>\n
\n下一步<\/h2>\n\n- 设置消息渠道：渠道<\/a><\/li>\n
- 将本地设备配对为节点：节点<\/a><\/li>\n
- 配置 Gateway 网关：Gateway 网关配置<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
GCP 在 GCP Compute Engine 上运行 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-docs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=159"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":794,"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159\/revisions\/794"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pa.yingzhi8.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}